How can microplastics be filtered out of tap water?
Microplastics — plastic fragments smaller than 5 mm — are present in rivers, seas and, at times, also in the water we consume. Although scientific evidence on their effects on human health is still evolving, reducing exposure is a reasonable precaution.
In this practical guide, we explain how to remove or reduce microplastics from tap water with home-friendly solutions, from block activated carbon filtration to reverse osmosis, plus a simple boil-and-filter method.
Advanced Filtration Methods to Remove Microplastics at Home
Below, we review the most commonly used household systems. The right choice will depend on the level of reduction you’re looking for, your budget, the maintenance you’re willing to carry out, and your sustainability preferences.
Block Activated Carbon Filtration
Block activated carbon filters adsorb and retain contaminants thanks to their enormous porous surface. In addition, the carbon block acts as a physical barrier to unwanted particles. In practice, this translates into better taste and odour (reduction of chlorine and by-products), as well as a reduction in microplastics and other common tap-water compounds.
Key advantages
- Quick installation on the tap and easy maintenance (periodic cartridge replacement).
- Excellent cost–benefit ratio for daily use.
- A sustainable alternative to bottled water.
Recommended Tappwater solutions
- EcoPro tap filter with chlorine reduction, improved taste and support in reducing the presence of microplastics for convenient daily use.
- EcoPro Compact tap filter: the same benefits in a smaller format for kitchens with limited space.
💡 Tip: Replace the cartridge as often as recommended to maintain filtration effectiveness.
Reverse Osmosis: the Highest Removal Rate
Reverse osmosis (RO) uses a semipermeable membrane with extremely fine pores that retain very small particles, including microplastics. It generally offers a higher rejection rate against multiple contaminants.
Pros
- High reduction effectiveness across a wide range of particles.
Cons
- Higher initial and maintenance cost.
- It may waste water during the rejection process.
- It often reduces beneficial minerals; remineralisation is sometimes recommended.
💡 Recommendation: Consider RO if you seek the maximum possible reduction and are comfortable with its cost, maintenance and water consumption.
Ceramic or Granular Filters
Microporous ceramic filters or granular media (such as certain carbons or specialised materials) act as a physical sieve. Their effectiveness against microplastics depends on pore size and cartridge design. They can be a valid alternative, although it is always advisable to review the manufacturer’s specifications.
The Most Practical and Affordable Method: Boiling Water
In hard-water areas, boiling encourages the precipitation of calcium carbonate (limescale). These precipitates can trap suspended particles; afterwards, a filtration step helps retain them.
How to apply it at home
- Boil tap water.
- Allow it to stand so the limescale can settle.
- Filter the water (e.g., with a block activated carbon tap filter).
Limitations
- Less practical for large volumes.
- Does not, on its own, address other dissolved contaminants (e.g., chlorine); hence the recommended filtration step.
Are Microplastics Dangerous?
Research is ongoing. Microplastics have been identified in different environments and in human biological samples, but their specific long-term effects are still under study. Taking steps to reduce exposure (particularly in daily drinking water) is a prudent approach while science progresses.
How to Reduce Your Overall Exposure to Microplastics
Avoid Bottled Water When Possible
Replace bottled water consumption with filtered tap water. Besides potential cost savings, you reduce single-use plastic.
Use Reusable Containers
Choose stainless steel or glass for carrying water. If you need filtration away from home, consider a bottle with a built-in filter.
Avoid Heating Plastics
Do not heat plastic containers in the microwave or pour very hot drinks into them unless they are designed for high temperatures.
Reduce Microfibres from Clothing
Wash using shorter cycles and cold water whenever possible, and prioritise natural fibres to minimise the release of synthetic microfibres.
Conclusion: The Best Everyday Option
If you’re looking for an effective, practical and sustainable way to reduce microplastics and improve water taste, block activated carbon tap filters offer the best balance between performance and convenience.
At Tappwater, EcoPro and EcoPro Compact allow you to enjoy delicious water straight from the tap, with easy installation and simple maintenance.
